Urine Culture Showing E.Coli a common bacteria causing urinary infection.
The burning sensation and severe urge for urination is very much distressing for of a patients of urinary tract infection.Urinary tract stretches right from the kidneys to the urethra.Any part of it may get infected.It is mostly bacterial in origin.But may be due to TB,Sexually transmitted agents and other systemic diseases.Infection may come from local surroundings or from systemic infection. The proximity of urethra to the anus makes it vulnerable to contact infection from the bacterias present in faeces.It affects females more as the urethra is short i.e. only four centimeters in comparison to males where the length of urethra is nearly twenty centimeters. Once infection sets in there is fever,burning urination ,scanty frequent urination and painful urge for urination.Infection may complicate an already existing urinary stone disease.Or may set in an anomalous urinary passage.It may also set in a disease condition causing stagnation or obstruction to urine flow i.e. enlarged prostate or stricture of urethra.
Diagnosis is not that difficult if proper history is taken.Mainstay of investigations rest on a routine and microscopic urine examination,a culture and sensitivity test to know the type of infection and appropriate antibacterial agents required .Investigation like ultrasonography is done to rule out any other associated or facilitating diseases.Other blood tests to know diabetic and kidney status are also performed. In ladies a little prolonged antibacterial treatment is needed as compared to the males where eradication of microbe is a little bit difficult. Diseases complicating urinary infection or as a result of it need to be treated in it own merit.
I do not remember if I have seen bilateral orchitis in the recent past that I saw to-day.The enlargement is quite remarkable.May be it is due to the delay in arrival to the hospital.Orchitis is inflammation of testis commonly by bacteria in an adult but in tropical countries usually filarial. .In children it is usually of viral in origin.Here the testis enlarges and becomes painful accompanied by fever.Epididymis is also involved most of the times.It follows an urinary tract infection through backward infection.
Support of testis,analgesics to relieve the pain and antibiotics to control infection are required.Investigations like urine examination along with culture and sensitivity test and ultrasonography of testis and abdomen are important to support treatment.
Typhoid an infection by Salmonella Typhi/Paratyphi of intestinal lymphoid collection also called Enteric fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink .There are also human carriers of the disease.The disease is characterized by fever of long duration with rigors,cough and great prostration usually fatal if untreated. Diagnosis is based on clinical and Widal test .If treated adequately it is cured .Whether treated or untreated usually in pediatric age group patient may land up in perforation of intestine towards the end of second week or beginning of third week. It is invariably fatal. I have seen patients not doing well many years back.But not seen cases in the recent past perhaps due to advent of newer drugs. Another community problem is healthy carrier status.This occurs due to inadequate treatment of the disease, the bacteria houses in the gall bladder and infects that.Here the asymptomatic patient distributes disease as makes own hands infected . That is why it should be treated adequately.It also remains viable long time in the ice/icecreams made using contaminated water.
Urine Culture Showing E.Coli a common bacteria causing urinary infection.
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