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I do not remember if I have seen bilateral orchitis in the recent past that I saw to-day.The enlargement is quite remarkable.May be it is due to the delay in arrival to the hospital.Orchitis is inflammation of testis commonly by bacteria in an adult but in tropical countries usually filarial. .In children it is usually of viral in origin.Here the testis enlarges and becomes painful accompanied by fever.Epididymis is also involved most of the times.It follows an urinary tract infection through backward infection.
Support of testis,analgesics to relieve the pain and antibiotics to control infection are required.Investigations like urine examination along with culture and sensitivity test and ultrasonography of testis and abdomen are important to support treatment.
Dysuria,the painful micturition is very distressing and if added to it frequent
urination with fever makes the patient’s condition miserable.And these are hallmark of
urinary tract infection.Urinary tract includes right from
kidneys to to
urethra.It is commonly due to bacterial infection and females predisposed to it due to proximity of urethra to the anus.
E.Coli, the organism present in feces is isolated frequently now-a-days.
Gonorrheal and
syphilitic infections are also seen but less than before because of rampant use of good
antibiotics.Some thing called
honeymoon cystitis occurs after first honeymoon in females infecting the
urinary bladder. Another source of contacting infection is
door handle of common toilets at community places.
Commonly
urine is subjected to microscopic examination which may reveal number of
pus cells and sometimes red blood cells.Culture and sensitivity of urine will give information about suitable antibiotic required.
A little long term use of antibiotics in female is recommended .Though it is cured without any sequel but in gonorrheal infection complications like narrowing of urethra called stricture of urethra and other systemic complication do occur.Syphilis is more notorious for causing more dreaded complications even involve the central nervous system.
Body has it’s own defense mechanism in this world of bacterias.Harmful bacterias are present every where so also on the whole body.They are also ingested by way of food and water intake.A drop of water may contain millions of bacteria and they have the potential to multiply very quickly.It is not that we fall prey to them in contacting infections frequently.There is a host of defense mechanisms to prevent these.
One of them is good and body friendly bacteria called lactobacillus .They are normaly present in the intestine .mouth and some other parts of body.They protect body by preventing colonisation of harmful bacterias inadverdently shallowed during taking food.They also produce some B group of vitamins required for body.They get destroyed by taking antibiotics for cure of some other infection.Normaly they recover.But many a times physicians suppliment it by providing lactabacilli from external source.
Yogurt is a good source of bacilli.
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